Your Training Pathway

As an EM consultant, one must have a strong grasp of non-clinical and administrative responsibilities, including:

1. Leading the department
2. Managing staffing
3. Conducting interviews and recruitment
4. Responding to complaints
5. Investigating serious incidents
6. Responding to Datix reports
7. Implementing new pathways
8. Improving services
9. Conducting quality improvement projects
10. Performing audits, research, and developing departmental policies
11. Supervising and inducting juniors and new trainees
12. Managing rotas
13. Handling staff sickness and absences
14. Overseeing clinical governance
15. Supporting trainees or doctors in difficulty
16. Acting as educational and clinical supervisors
17. Completing “Train the Trainer” certification
18. Managing exit blocks and bed crises in the department
19. Prioritising effectively on busy clinical days
20. Applying the concept of an ED consultant tray on high-demand days
21. Addressing serious ethical, personal, or professional misconduct
22. Managing colleagues with alcohol or drug misuse issues
23. Liaising with police in the department
24. Managing prisoners or serious offenders in the department
25. Handling complex mental health patients who lack capacity and pose risks to staff
26. Managing children with suspected non-accidental injuries
27. Safeguarding adults and elderly patients, addressing neglect and abuse
28. Understanding the role of the ED physician when patients present with weapons
29. Managing frequent attenders (“frequent flyers”)
30. Organising teaching activities, including simulations
31. Serving as an interview panellist for ACCS and ST training programmes
32. Becoming involved in education and training with Royal Colleges, including stepping up as an OSCE examiner
33. Resolving conflicts with colleagues, patients, relatives, and carers
34. Managing major incidents within the department
35. Preparing the department to deal with city-wide major incidents (e.g., riots, terrorism)
36. Navigating appraisal, revalidation, and fitness-to-practise processes
37. Developing key pathways for service improvement
38. Having coaching conversations with juniors to support their development
39. Applying effective teaching methodologies
40. Conducting debriefs after challenging cases and critically ill patients
41. Chairing or conducting departmental meetings
42. Practising reflective learning
43. Understanding hospital structures and operations
44. Leading the department effectively during a declared major incident

This module will equip candidates with the ability to critically evaluate medical literature and apply evidence-based principles in practice. Key areas include:

1. How to appraise and summarise a paper
2. Understanding p-values
3. Identifying conflicts of interest and bias
4. Differentiating trial types: observational vs. interventional studies
5. Understanding study designs: RCTs, case-control, cohort, cross-sectional, systematic reviews, meta-analyses
6. Assessing validity, reliability, and applicability of research
7. Study methodology and ethical considerations
8. Evaluating outcomes and their clinical impact
9. Assessing consistency of results with existing evidence
10. Key statistics and interpretation:

• Types of data (categorical, continuous)
• Central tendency (mean, median, mode)
• Variability (standard deviation, range, IQR)
• Confidence intervals, p-values, statistical significance
• Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, likelihood ratios
• ARR, RRR, NNT

1. Bias and confounding:

• Types (selection, information, recall, etc.)
• Impact of confounding factors
• Strategies to minimise bias (randomisation, blinding, matching)

1. Diagnostic and screening tests:

• Sensitivity and specificity
• ROC curves and AUC
• Impact of screening on patient outcomes

1. Levels of evidence and hierarchies (e.g., GRADE system)
2. Clinical trial phases (I–IV), protocols, ethics, and regulations
3. Common statistical tests: t-tests, chi-square, ANOVA, regression, non-parametric (Mann–Whitney U, etc.)
4. Interpretation of graphs and tables: forest plots, funnel plots, Kaplan–Meier curves
5. Risk and odds ratios: relative risk, odds ratio, hazard ratio — when to apply each
6. Case reviews and case reports

1. FRCEM Final SBA Comprehensive Teaching
2. FRCEM Final OSCE Training – Online sessions plus face-to-face mock examinations.